A dermatologist is an expert doctor able to diagnose and treat a range of skin conditions, but their work covers a broad range of health issues:
- Complex Skin Conditions: Dermatologists treat a variety of skin conditions, such as acne, eczema, psoriasis, rosacea, and dermatitis, but they also manage more complex skin diseases like autoimmune skin disorders, and infections (bacterial, viral, fungal). In addition, dermatologists treat severe drug reactions and provide care for hospitalized patients, particularly those in oncology, helping them manage medication side effects.
- Skin Cancer: A dermatologist plays a vital role in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of skin cancer. For patients showing initial symptoms, this includes conducting skin checks to detect suspicious moles or lesions and performing biopsies to diagnose skin cancer early. If cancer is detected, dermatologists develop and implement a treatment plan, which may involve surgical removal, topical therapies, or more advanced procedures like Mohs surgery, radiation or chemotherapy.
- Surgical Treatments: Dermatologists are trained in dermatologic surgery to remove skin cancers, moles, warts, cysts, and other skin growths. They may also perform biopsies to diagnose various skin conditions and use lasers to treat birthmarks and scars.
- Hair and Nail Disorders: Dermatologists diagnose and treat hair and nail disorders, including hair loss (alopecia), fungal infections, and other abnormalities.
- Pediatric Dermatology: Some dermatologists specialize in treating skin conditions in children, including birthmarks, eczema, and genetic skin disorders.
- Allergies and Immune-related Skin Conditions: They also address skin problems caused by allergies, immune system disorders, and other systemic diseases.
- Cosmetic Procedures: Dermatologists perform cosmetic procedures to improve the appearance of the skin. These can include treatments for wrinkles, age spots, and scars, as well as procedures like Botox injections, fillers, chemical peels, laser therapy, and microdermabrasion.
- Education and Prevention: Dermatologists provide guidance on skincare routines, sun protection, and the prevention of skin damage and disease. Their guidance is individualized to the patient and their skin-disease.
- Research and Innovation: Many dermatologists participate in research and development activities, including clinical trials and work within research centres, contributing to the advancement of innovations in dermatological care.
Dermatologists are also able to detect other underlying conditions and can refer patients to other specialists when necessary. They take a multidisciplinary approach to care, focusing on both preventative measures and effective skincare routines. Patient education is a key aspect of their practice, ensuring that individuals are well-informed about their skin health and the steps they can take to maintain it.